不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别如下:
1.【to do】
放在句首,表示目的。
To achieve my dreams, I will try my best.
为了实现我的梦想,我将竭尽全力。
不定式做后置定语,表示将要做(还没有做)
I have something (to do this evening).
(今天晚上)我有些事情要做。(我还没有做)
2.【do】
1) 构成一般疑问句,例如:
Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?
Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?
2) do + not 构成否定句,例如:
I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。
He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。
In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
3) 构成否定祈使句,例如:
Don't go there. 不要去那里。
Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。
4) 放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:
Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。
I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。
I do miss you. 我确实想你。
5) 用于倒装句,例如:
Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
6) 用作代动词,例如:
---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗?
---- Yes, I do. --是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)
He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?
他知道如何开车,对吧?
3.【doing】
表主动。
Eating too much is bad for your health.
吃得太多有害于你的健康。
做定语时,位置不定,如果是一个现在分词,前置,如果是短语后置。
The (flying )kites are high in the sky.
The boy (sitting by the window )is Tom.
4.【done】
表被动。
Faced with such a difficult problem, he didn't know what to do.
(=Facing such a difficult problow, he didn't know what to do.)
这个你可以去看看我的提问:
http://iask.sina.com.cn/b/13496190.html
作定语和现在分词相同,如果是一个过去分词,前置,如果是短语后置。
The (damaged )bike was sent to the repairman.
The boy (named Tom )was hurt in the car accident.
以上回答只是最基本的用法,不定式和现在分词的时态和语态还有变化,不再展开,希望对你有帮助。
I wish that you will be happy every day.
:-)
回答:2008-09-30 12:16 修改:2008-10-01 21:37
提问者对答案的评价:
很好,谢谢
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César François [新手]
To do是特指干什么事这一动作.
e.g To swim is my favourite sport.我最爱的运动是游泳;
Do 一般用在祈使句中,带强调作用.
e.g Do remember returning with the books I lent to you.记着将我借给你的那本书一起带来.
Done, Doing是典型的非谓语用法(高中会学到), i.e 一句句子中有了一个谓语动词,还需要补充加上第二或第三个动词. Done 表被动, Doing 表主动.
e.g Compared with the cost of traditional books, E-books tend to be favored for their relatively low and economical prices.和传统书籍的成本相比, 电子书似乎更受人们所青睐,由于它们的价格相对低廉实惠.
Entering the IT era, people have access to more and more E-books for their reading. 进人信息科技时代, 人们有了越来越多的渠道来阅读电子书.