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英语答疑 1
作者:未知  文章来源:互联网  点击数  更新时间:2008-08-28 15:54:20  文章录入:admin  责任编辑:admin
    资料提示:   ●问:有这样一道题: He told me that he wouldn't go to the party ____ invited. (A. unless was B. Until C. without ...

   ●问:有这样一道题: He told me that he wouldn't go to the party ____ invited. (A. unless was   B. Until   C. without   D. if not)
我无法确定哪一个是正确答-案,我觉的应选if not,而without显然是不对的。烦请解答。

       ☆答:我也觉得选 if not是对的,without无论作介词或副词,在这里都不大可能出现;如用without   ,后面应是 without 之类。
     unless和if not在多数情况下是通用的,条件是用它引导一个与主句所述相反的陈述。
     例如:Unless you take more care, you 'll have an accident.(=if you don't take more care.)
      I want you to keep working unless I tell you to shop.(=if I don't tell you to shop.)
      Unless you call me to say you're not coming, I'll see you at the cinema.(=if you don't call me to say you're not coming.)
但是在“虚拟语气”的条件句里,unless 不能代替if not 。

例如:
     John would be our best play _if he weren't so lazy.(不能用unless  代替)
     在if相当于 whether 时(在间接问句中),不能用unless代替if。例如:

    She promised to let me know if  she wasn't coming.(不能用 unless代替)
     在心里存在否定时,不用unless  代替  if not。例如:
     What shall we do if they don't answer our letter?(不能用unless   )  
     至于until ,着重的是时间,不象 unless那样着重条件。如果此处用  until,我未曾见过 until后直接用过去分词的例子。用 unless instructed 似乎能成立。Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English(1987)有例句:Don't leave the building unless instructed to do so. 但是不能填unless was  ,我想不起有 unless was invited这样的结构。

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