英语是拉丁语系
像俄语属于斯拉夫语系

非专业，大概这样

英语拼写采用了拉丁字母.
Words taken over from foreign languages are known as borrowed words or loan words or borrowings in simple terms. It is estimated that English borrowings constitute 80 percent of the modem English vocabulary. The English language is noted for the remarkable complexity and heterogeneity of its vocabulary because of its extensive borrowings
(来自于其他语言的词简称外来词或借词。据估计，现代英语词汇有80%是借词。由于广泛地借词，英语的词汇呈现极为复杂而不纯的局面。)

Native words are words brought to Britain in the fifth century by the German tribes; the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes, thus known as Anglo-Saxon words.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as Old English. (英语本族语词是公元五世纪由日尔曼部落盎格鲁－萨克逊人和朱特人带入英国的，又称盎格鲁－萨克逊词语。现在人们一般把盎格鲁－萨克逊语称为古英语。)

Although there were borrowings from Latin, the influence on English was mainly Germanic.(虽然英语也从拉丁语中借词，但影响英语的主要还是日尔曼语。)

据估计，世界上约有3000种（有人认为有5000种）语言，这些语言可以根据它们的基本词汇和语法的相似性大致划为300个谱系。印欧语系是其中之一。该语系包括欧洲的大多数语言、近东诸语言和古梵语。这些语言相应地分为八大语族，这八大语族又可分为东部诸语族和西部诸语族。
东部诸语族有：波罗的海－斯拉夫语族，印度－伊朗语族，亚美尼亚－阿尔巴尼亚语族
西部诸语族有：凯尔特语族，意大利语族，希腊语族和日尔曼语族。

日尔曼语族包括四门北欧语言：挪威语、冰岛语、丹麦语、瑞典语，这四门语言统称为斯堪的纳维亚语。
此外，还有德语、荷兰语、佛兰芒语和英语。